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Pasiv u engleskom jeziku
Pasiv (Passive Voice) je konstrukcija koja se sastoji od subjekta, pomoćnog glagola to be i prošlog participa glavnog glagola. Pasiv se mnogo češće koristi u engleskom nego u sprskom jeziku i to u sledećim situacijama:
- kada vršilac radnje nije poznat:
active: Somebody stole my car last night.
passive: My car was stolen last night.
- kada vršilac radnje nije bitan:
active: They cleaned the room.
passive: The room was cleaned.
- kada se naglašava radnja a ne vršilac radnje:
active: They will produce 10 000 cars next year.
passive: 10 000 car will be produced next year.
- kada je vršilac radnje očigledan:
active: The police caught the burgler.
passive: The burgler was caugth.
Pravila koja važe za upotrebu određenih vremena u aktivnom obliku, ista su i za pasivne oblike. Od aktivne rečenice se pravi pasivna na sledeći način:
Active Shakespeare wrote Hamlet.
- objekat aktivne rečenice postaje subjekat pasivne (Hamlet)
- dodajemo glagol TO BE koji će biti u vremenu u kom je glagol glavne rečenice; u ovom slučaju to je Simple Past (be → was)
- dodajemo prošli particip pomoćnog glagola (write – written)
- ako pominjemo vršioca radnje, dodajemo predlog by a zatim i subjekat aktivne rečenice (by Shakespeare)
Passive Hamlet was written by Shakespear.
Ispod možete pogledati tabelu vremena u engleskom jeziku koja se najčešće pojavljuju u pasivu.
|
Tenses |
Active |
Passive |
|
Simple Present |
He opens the window. |
The window is opened by him. |
|
Present Continuous |
Molly is writing a letter. |
The letter is being written by Molly. |
|
Simple Past |
He repaired the car. |
The car was repaired by him. |
|
Past Continuous |
They were building new houses last summer. |
New houses were being built last summer. |
|
Present Perfect |
They have eaten the whole cake. |
The whole cake has been eaten. |
|
Past Perfect |
The police had found the car. |
The car had been found. |
|
Simple Future will |
They will never forget that concert. |
That concert will never be forgotten. |
Vežbanja:
Pasiv u engleskom jeziku - Vežbanja
Pasiv u engleskom jeziku 2 - Vežbanja